History & Legend: Kanak Bhawan, a revered temple in Ayodhya, holds a legacy dating back centuries. Its origin is closely linked with the
Ramayan, the ancient epic that chronicles the life and adventures of Lord Ram. As per the popular belief, the construction of Kanak Bhawan can be traced back to the Treta Yuga, an era when Lord Ram had ruled Ayodhya. As per the legend, at this site a heavenly palace was built under the supervision of Vishwakarma on request of King Dasharath. According to a legend, when Lord Ram returned to Ayodhya after defeating the demon king Ravan, his stepmother Kaikeyi, desiring to express her love and repentance, gifted the splendid palace to his wife, Sita. According to another legend, the tale takes an intriguing turn when Sita, in a gesture to prove her purity to the people of Ayodhya, enters the sacred fire. The fire god, Agni, not only protects her but also presents her with a divine palace made of gold – the Kanak Bhawan. This celestial gift becomes a symbol of Sita's unblemished character and devotion to Lord Ram.
One of the edicts of Kanak Bhawan visitors read is that in Dwapar Yug Maharaj Kush got it founded and established the statue of Ram & Sita in Kanak Bhawan. Maharaj Rishabh effected many additions. Lord Krishna visited Ayodhya after slaughter of Jarasandh and established a statue of Ran & Sita on the mound. King Vikramaditya got it rebuilt and Samudragupta got it renovated in 387 AD. In 1027 AD, the temple was razed by Nawab S. Salarjung II Gazi. The artistically made modern temple of present day was built by the Queen of Orchha Vrishbhanu Kunwari in 1891 AD. Kanak Bhawan is an impressive temple made up of stone and popularly known as Rajkot. It is said that this edifice was got constructed by Vikramaditya.
Architecture: Over the centuries, the temple underwent several renovations and rebuilds, reflecting the ebb and flow of history. The current structure stands as a result of meticulous restoration efforts in the 19th century. Crafted as an expansive palace, Kanak Bhawan Temple showcases architectural elements reminiscent of the splendid palaces found in Rajasthan and Bundelkhand ( Orchha). Its architecture seamlessly blends with the surrounding landscape. Characterized by intricate carvings, majestic spires, and ornate pillars, Kanak Bhawan exemplifies the architectural grandeur of traditional Hindu temples. The golden hue, reminiscent of the divine gift it is believed to be, adds to the temple's visual appeal, creating a spectacle that leaves visitors in awe. The sanctum sanctorum of Kanak Bhawan houses the main deity, Lord Ram, and his divine consort, Goddess Sita. The idol is adorned with exquisite jewelry, and the ambiance within the sanctum resonates with the rhythmic chants of devotees. Pilgrims, with folded hands and bowed heads, find solace and inspiration in the divine presence that radiates from the sacred altar. The golden exterior of Kanak Bhawan serves as a visual metaphor for the temple's celestial origin. The use of gold leafing not only adds to the temple's aesthetic appeal but also symbolizes purity and divinity.
Close to sanctum sanctorum of Kanak Bhawan temple is bedroom (Shayan Kaksha). The bedroom is surrounded by eight rooms meant for female staffs. These female staff members were Charushila, Hema, Kshema, Vararoha, Lakshman, Sulochana, Padmagandha and Subhaga and their photographs are placed in their respective rooms. Sita also had eight ‘sakhis’ called ‘ashtasakhis’. Their names were Chandra Kala, Prasad, Vimala, Madan Kala, Vishva Mohini, Urmila, Champa Kala and Roop Kala.
Rituals & Celebrations: The sanctum sanctorum of the temple is home to three pairs of gold-crowned idols of Lord Ram and Goddess Sita. The ‘aarti’ ceremony in Kanak Bhawan is mesmerizing. Everyday, four times the ‘aartis’ are carried out. A large number of pilgrims and devotees gather to partake in it. On the request of the priest, the devotees sit down in front of the temple sanctum. Taking pictures of the sanctum sanctorum and the ‘aarti’ rituals is strictly prohibited.
The air in and around Kanak Bhawan becomes charged with festivity during key Hindu festivals. Diwali, the festival of lights, holds special significance as it commemorates Lord Ram's return to Ayodhya. The temple is adorned with lamps, and the entire complex resonates with the sound of devotional songs and chants. Navratri, another major festival, witnesses elaborate decorations and cultural events in and around Kanak Bhawan. In addition to festivals like Ram Navami, Annakuta, Hanuman Jayanti, Laxmi Pujan, Gyaras etc are celebrated every year with great devotion and religious fervor.
Kanak Bhawan, being a significant pilgrimage site, attracts devotees throughout the year. Pilgrims from different corners of the country embark on a spiritual journey to seek the blessings of Lord Ram and Goddess Sita. Devotees and residents actively engage in activities that support the temple, ranging from cleanliness drives to organizing cultural events. This community-driven approach not only strengthens the bond between the temple and its surroundings but also fosters a sense of collective responsibility for preserving cultural heritage.